The Air Pollution And Its Effects On The People Of Sarnia

Aamjiwnaang First Nation Group effected by the Nearby Chemical Valley â€Å"The more clouds in the sky, the more people will die†, are the words of a young child in Sarnia, Ontario. The first thing you notice about Sarnia is the smell of rotten eggs, but it is not rotten eggs you are smelling. That would be all the chemicals that are polluting the air from all the industries that have been developed. The air pollution has been described as the the worst air in Canada. Aamjiwnaang is a first nation tribe that is located in Sarnia, Ontario. Their territorial grounds is near a Chemical Valley that is made up of forty percent of Canada’s industries. There is about â€Å"sixty oil refineries and industrial strips that over see the St. Clair River†. These industries have severely impacted the environment by releasing toxic fumes into the environment resulting with an impact on the health and habitat and wildlife. Pollution of the air and soil has had the greatest impact on the people of Sarnia. To the people of Sarnia, gardening is a component to their everyday lives, which keep them in touch with nature. For generations, the Aamjiwnaang people have been living off of these lands, until toxins from the the chemical valley have polluted the soil. Locals argue that the produce that is able to be grown is still contaminated. In addition, due to the pollution of chemicals into the environment, the animals and wildlife is also being contaminated. Therefore, they are force to either huntShow MoreRelatedA Report By Nolan Marriott1637 Words   |  7 Pagesclosing the plants, then will discuss how the overall environmental affect the environment. To conclude the effects of these causes will be reviewed looking at the resultant job outlook. This report will allow Ontarians to gain knowledge about this controversial situation and better understand why the final decision was made, clarifying information that may be found in the media. The pollution found from these power sources was inevitably offset, but to what extent is the matter at hand. In addition

The Issue Of How Public Welfare Expenditures - 1958 Words

I. Introduction The issue of how public welfare expenditures are capable of positively influencing economic stability in both democracies and non-democracies is of great importance in global politics. In order understand the extent to which human welfare programs are able/unable to improve economic prosperity, the following report will focus on the example of how educational programs influence economic conditions in democracies and non-democracies. Both economic investment and general tendencies to support other welfare programs that indirectly help education, play a role in the success or failure of these programs for national economies. The hypothesis to be confirmed or disconfirmed is that heavier state control, when it comes to†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, as the authors note, a large amount of public spending does not end up alleviating these problems, and is misallocated to programs that do not help the poor. While democracies seem to have the greatest opportunity for education al programs because they would allow the majority to vote for them, some research indicates that democracies do not guarantee greater human welfare compared to non-democracies (Keefer Khemani, 2005). The authors argue that the lack of information about, and trust in politicians, as well as social fragmentation of voters, all work to undermine the most important public welfare programs such as education(Keefer Khemani, 2005). The following will compare the educational policies of different governments and see if they helped the national economy and extent to which they were adapted to the global economy. A. Planned versus Free-Market Economies As previously noted, one of the common debates in political science is the extent to which state control of the economy influences economic growth. According to some, democratic institutions guarantee economic growth while a heavy state hand in economic policies causes stagnation. However, in the non-free market economies, education seems to have played a major role and has synergized with the necessary adaptability to the changing global technological infrastructure. After analyzing a variety of countries using both a

Volunteer Tourism A Case of Orangutan Foundation

Question: Volunteer tourism represents an emerging tourismsector for those who want to make a difference whileon vacation as well as ensuring that local communitiesbenefit both environmentally and economically (Coren Gray, 2012). Organisations such as World WildlifeFund, Antipodeans, Conservation International,Australian Volunteers, to name just a few, are offeringvolunteer tourism expeditions to Australians. Theliterature review identifies four motivational themes ofcultural immersion, seeking camaraderie, giving back,and bonding opportunities among the segments ofvolunteer tourists (McGehee Clemmons, 2008). Answer: INTRODUCTION Volunteer tourism is one of the emerging tourism industries in Australia. Initially it was said to be form of deep eco-tourism. Now it is considered as a tourism that fosters environmental and social positive outcomes, offering the tourists an opportunity to support their host community (Wearing and McGehee, 2013). In this report, the author will be conceptualize the volunteer tourism, its benefits and develop an STP plan for The Orangutan Foundation, to secure the lives of orangutans. LITERATURE REVIEW Volunteering is the activity in which people engage to benefit or help the strangers. The volunteerism motivation mainly focuses on the meeting needs, fulfilling motives, psychological and social functions that are being served through volunteer work (Dolnicar and Randle, 2007). Presently, volunteerism is contributing around $ 2 billion each year from around 1.6 million tourists (Lovelock, 2011). The Bureau of Labor Statistic of US record, around 63.8million individuals has taken part in volunteerism from September 2013-2014. There are various advantages of volunteerism (Sinha, 2014): Protective Function: It helps the individuals to cope up with the conflicts and inner anxieties. Social Function: It helps the individuals to contribute and collaborate with the social groups that they value Career Function: It helps individuals to gain experiences which boosts their career Enhancement Function: It permits individuals to connect with the sociological and psychological development and increase self-esteem Value function: Individuals volunteer to act on or express values they value Understanding function: This gives an opportunity to the people to increase their knowledge and also practice and develop specific skills. According to the survey of ABS 2010, it is reported that around 6.1million that is 36% of the Australian population aged 18years have taken part in volunteerism and women (38%) were slightly more than men (34%). It is found that the people of age 45-54 years of have more interest in volunteering. Also the survey found that the young individuals are more interested in recreational activities and sports. This shows that volunteer tourism is the fast growing trend in the tourism industry (Volunteeringaustralia.org, 2014). However, it is to be noted this tourism have some drawbacks that has to be taken care of. The issues are in identifying the actual needs that will be served by the volunteer tourists. Further lack of methods for choosing the volunteering opportunities might hamper this area. As per the opinion of McGehee and Clemons (2008), the STP (Segmenting, Targeting and Positioning) process helps to promote a particular products of an organization is a specific market to specific customers. According Pike (2012), the STP process helps to maximize the impact of marketing activities on product. Then Coren and Gray (2012) supported by saying the STP process helps to influence the buying behavior of the customers. According to Natter et al., (2008) the segmentation can be defined as the process of splitting the market into groups with similar need and characteristics. Targeting is the process of selecting a particular segment to deliver the product using either the focused targeting strategy, undifferentiated targeting strategy or the Differentiated targeting strategy STP PLAN Segmenting: The key factors that The Orangutan Foundation of volunteer Tourism should focus on carry out the segmentation process are customer type, motivational factors and the demographic profile (Dolnicar and Randle, 2007). Based on the literature review discussed above, the two major segments that the foundation should focus on are: Young Volunteers who are studying zoology or are interested to start their career related to animals world aged 15-30 years and the Mature Volunteers ages 50 years and above. Target market Age range Travel experience Motivation factors Young volunteers interested in animal world or studying zoology 15-30 years 0 to 4 international trips in wildlife sanctuaries in 1 year Interaction with people Improve Knowledge, skills and attitude Fun factor Developing experience to boost career Mature volunteers 50years and above Atleast 7 international visits in last 2years Supporting the organization Contributing to the society Experiencing new cultures Targeting: Differentiated Targeting Strategy can be adopted by the foundation to target the two segments. To target the young volunteer, the whole package should be designed in manner that it helps them to gain knowledge about wildlife preservation from their trip (Suki, 2013; Larson and Poudyal, 2012). A special tourism package should be designed in such a way that the young people can go in a group of 5-6 to gain experience and have fun too. Similarly to tap the mature volunteers, the tour package should be developed in such a way that would help them to interact with other culture people, contribute effectively to the society and have fun. The package duration should be planned based on their age. Positioning: The positioning strategy of Orangutan Foundation Services would focus on three fundamental elements. These include the brand personality, the emotive expression and the destination attributes (Prayag, 2007). The brand personality included with this tour would be spirited, affable and proud so the tourists can actually contribute to the society and the local community people and also conserve and extend the economy. Further the emotive expression include creating and experience strong bonding with the family, delight feeling and also contribution to the society. For young volunteers this trip would give a new experience by serving the wild animals and gain knowledge to link their theories with the practical life. Thirdly, the main destination attributes would include supporting the society, differentiating self with other tourists, having fun, gaining knowledge, interacting with other culture people and also a nice holiday trip. Keeping all these three elements, the found ation can position them as a low cost travelling agency which is involved with volunteerism to benefit the society and economy and also promoting conservation of wild species of orangutans. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the presented report has discussed the marketing strategic aspect of volunteer tourism of the Orangutans Foundation. The literature review section of this report has reviewed the statistics of volunteer tourism and also the concept of STP (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning). The report consist of a segmentation, targeting and positioning strategy that would help the foundation to tap the consumer segment that is the mature volunteer and the young volunteer. REFERENCES Coren, N Gray, T 2012, Commodification of volunteer tourism: a comparative study of volunteer tourists in Vietnam and in Thailand. International Journal of Tourism Research, Vol. 14, pp. 222-234. Dolnicar, S. and Randle, M. (2007). The international volunteering market: market segments and competitive relations. Int. J. Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Mark., 12(4), pp.350-370. Dolnicar, S. and Randle, M. (2007). What Motivates Which Volunteers? Psychographic Heterogeneity Among Volunteers in Australia. Voluntas, 18(2), pp.135-155. Larson, L. and Poudyal, N. (2012). Developing sustainable tourism through adaptive resource management: a case study of Machu Picchu, Peru. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(7), pp.917-938. Lovelock, C. (2011). Services marketing. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. McGehee, N. and Clemmons, D. 2008, An outgrowth of the 2004 voluntourism think tank a joint effort of Los Ninos Inc. Paper presented at the Educational Travel Conference, George Washington University. Natter, M., Mild, A., Wagner, U. and Taudes, A. (2008). Practice Prize Report Planning New Tariffs at tele.ring: The Application and Impact of an Integrated Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning Tool. Marketing Science, 27(4), pp.600-609. Pike, S. (2012). Destination positioning opportunities using personal values: Elicited through the Repertory Test with Laddering Analysis. Tourism Management, 33(1), pp.100-107. Prayag, G. (2007). Exploring the Relationship between Destination Image and personality of a Tourist Destination An Application of Processing Techniques. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research, pp.111-126. Sainaghi, R. (2008). Strategic positioning and performance of winter destinations. Tourism Review, 63(4), pp.40-57. Sinha, S. (2014). The Benefits of Volunteering. IEEE Potentials, 33(3), pp.30-31. Suki, N. (2013). Young consumer ecological behaviour. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 24(6), pp.726 - 737. Volunteeringaustralia.org, (2014). Volunteering Facts Volunteering Australia. Wearing, S. and McGehee, N. (2013). Volunteer tourism: A review. Tourism Management, 38, pp.120-130.